Kettle sour process
brewing fermentation franceSummary #
Notes and resources on making kettle soured beer (with Lactobacillus Plantarum).
Process #
1. Starter #
Make a starter with your bacteria (kindly referred to as "bug" below) of choice (1-2 days before brew day).
- Sanitize an erlenmeyer of 2/3 liters
- Boil water and extract to prepare 1L of wort at 1.040 OG
- Seal loosely with alfoil
- Cool down to 25-30 celsius
- Put your bug in the starter and make sure temp stays within 20-30 degrees
- Seal loosely with alfoil
Magnetic stirring is better (felt more vigorous) but I've done 2 brews without and it was fine.
It's ready in about 24 hours, 48 if the bug was slow (old pills, not enough pills etc). It should look hazy, smell acidic/lactic/clean yoghurt. More on "how do you know the starter is ready" on the Milk the Funk wiki.
2. Brew day, part 1 (mash + short boil) #
- Mash as per usual
- Boil 10-15 minutes (depends on the recipe, but the important bit is to stop the mash enzymes so you could reduce that time probably)
- Cool down to bug-friendly temperature (30 celsius +/- 5)
- Measure wort pH
- Innoculate kettle with your started bug. DO NOT FORGET TO REMOVE THE MAGNETIC STIRRER METAL BIT from the erlenmeyer before chugging the starter in the kettle
- Close the kettle lid, seal loosely with with alfoil or cling wrap
Temp control: stay within the 30 +/- 5 celsius range. I usually let it on the kitchen counter without extra temp. control but depends on the season. Plantarum doesn’t care that much.
3. Souring (24-48 hours) #
Take pH readings regularly. I sanitize a spoon, open the kettle, stir a little bit, then take a small sample to read the pH from
Up to you to decide when you're sour enough. That's what I like about kettle sours, you stop the souring when it suits you by going to the boil (also means you have to be ready to restart the brewing process). I go for a pH of [3.1-3.2]. 3.3 is acceptable, 3.0 is the lower limit of acceptable according to some. In Melbourne, with Feb/March temperatures, souring took about 24-36 hours for me.
4. Brew day, part 2 (boil + the rest) #
- Remove foil, get the kettle to the boil and brew as per usual
- Ferment with your yeast of choice. I've used US-05 once and Kveik twice for my Berliner Weisse. I'll probably use Kveik all the time in the future.
Lactobacillus Plantarum #
- I use 5 pills of Lactobacillus Plantarum for a full sized batch (19L of finished beer)
- Yoghurt: someone told me they're just smashing a spoonful of yoghurt in a starter
- Check out the Milk the Funk wiki for other bugs: Alternative Bacteria Sources.
- Don't want to kettle sour? Philly Sour
More notes #
No hops before the souring process. Apparently it inhibits the bugs.
Resources #
- Milk the Funk wiki
- Berliner weisse recipe
- BW recipe with cherries: "Blessed be the cherry"
- Lichtenhainer recipe: "Lichter Lichtenhainer"
- Inspo for recipe building:
- Water profile: https://www.brewbeerblog.com/2020/04/02/award-winning-homebrew-recipe-berliner-weisse/
- Previous: Brewing in the cold